Володимир Семків

"Nobody, even newspapers, expected that the Soviet Government would come to us (I remember that I have already read Polish and Ukrainian newspapers). In 1939 there were already Ukrainian newspapers. None absolutely didn’t think that the Soviet Government would come to us. By the way, I stood there and watched as the Soviet army was deployed in Zhovkva. I see it as it is today. People didn’t praise it. Everything looked very scantily. They came as the poor men : without good clothes, stank with horse sweat, as they were riding. - You say you've seen how the first soviet troops were riding. Were they greeted in Zhovkva? Did people welcome them or didn’t care about it? - Mostly Jews welcomed them. I don't know why the Jews greeted them, but Jews had cried “Vivat!","Vivat!","Vivat! ". This I remember. Nobody else welcomed them".

"It was special concentration camp. There was a special regime in it. When we came from work we were closed in cells. But they didn’t call them “cell” – barrack. There was a place there we could wash ourselves. Then we went altogether to canteen. This canteen was as slops pit hole. The food was very bad. I am not sure that I would bear 10 years there – I would die in such case. I was there for two years. Right after the death of Stalin we were astonished – in 4-5 days we got good porridge, a good soup. Only some days after his death passed. So it was his work – he wanted people starve there in camps."

"In 1941, when the war started and Germans have already came up all prisoners (there were 29 of them) were dreadfully murdered in prison in Zhovkva castle. These victims were massacred in inhuman way: with cut down ears, pricked bellies, broken hands. In 1941, when Germans came, we saw all this. There were a crowd of people. I with my father also was there. And we saw all this crippled bodies (29 corps). One woman, Storozhukova, found her husband there. She looked two days on him and couldn’t recognize him. She was almost sure that her husband is not there. But then she recognized by button. On the eve she sawed this button and it was different color than other buttons on the costume. By this button which she sawed day or two days before she recognized her husband."

"They were coming at night, at midnight, half past twelve or one o’clock at night. They knocked the door: “Open the door! Documents control.” I looked in one window than in second. Near every window the soldiers stood. What should it mean? We didn’t have any suspicion and didn’t think about deportation. He said: “Documents control”. Father opened the door. An officer and two soldiers came in. They checked everything in house – nothing. All documents were on the table. I already had passport, as well as my father and mother. He didn’t check names in passports, but hid them in under-arm case. Father asked why he hid passports and asked to give them back. He said: “You don’t need passport anymore – you will be deported. Take everything you need with you. You have two hours for gathering things. The car will come after you at 4 a.m."